ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the serological and molecular characteristics of a pedigree carrying an allele for ABO*BW.11 blood subgroup.@*METHODS@#The ABO blood type of 9 pedigree members were determined by serological methods. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. The patient and her father were also subjected to clone sequencing analysis.@*RESULTS@#Serological tests demonstrated that the proband and her younger brother had an ABw subtype, whilst her father and two daughters had Bw subtype. Clone sequencing found that the exon 7 of the ABO gene of the proband had a T>C substitution at position 695, which was identified as a BW.11 allele compared with the reference sequence B.01. This BW.11 allele was also identified in the proband's father, brother and two daughters. Due to allelic competition, the A/BW.11 and BW.11/O alleles demonstrated significantly different phenotypes.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.695T>C substitution of the ABO gene may lead to allelic competition in the Bw11 subtype. Combined molecular and serological methods is helpful for precise blood grouping.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , ABO Blood-Group System/genetics , Alleles , Genotype , Pedigree , PhenotypeABSTRACT
Objective To assess the efficacy of using reaming and antibiotic cement beads/rod for intramedullary nail associated infection.Methods Data of 12 patients with intramedullary infection of tibia or femur following intramedullary nailing from October 2014 to April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 10 men and 2 women aged from 19 to 63 years old with an average age of 39.2 years.In 5 cases the disease was localized in the femur with one case of nonunion,and in other 7 cases the disease was localizedin the tibia with two cases of nonunion.The initial injury included closed fracture in 8 patients and open fracture in 4 patients which were all Gustilo-Anderson Ⅱ.According to the Cierny-Mader classification of adult osteomyelitis,6 cases were type Ⅰ (medullary osteomyelitis),4 cases were type Ⅰ combined with type Ⅲ (medullary.and localized osteomyelitis),and 2 cases were type Ⅰ combined with type Ⅳ (medullary and diffuse osteomyelitis).Surgical technique included removal of the intramedullary nailand reaming and irrigation of the medullary canal to remove intramedullary debris.The drainage sinus and soft tissues abscess were excised if existed.An local or enbloc resection for the infected or necrotic bone was performed if there was local or diffuse infection in the fracture sites.Ilizarov technique was performed for segment bone defect.The bone union was observed in nine patients and stable nonunion in one.Antibiotic PMMA beads were inserted into intramedullary canal for these ten cases after debridement,and the antibiotic beads were removed approximately 12-14 days after implantation.The antibiotic cement rod was inserted into the medullary canal to provide stabilization in the other 2 cases.All the patients received intravenous antibiotics systemically for three weeks,and followed by three weeks of oral antibiotics.Results At a mean follow-up period of 23.5 months (range,15-33 months),no recurrence of infection was observed.There were 3 cases of nonunions.One case of tibial nonunion had been achieved union 10 months after insertion of an antibiotic cement rod.One with stable nonunion of tibia was treated with antibiotic PMMA beads,and enbloc resection for the infected bone was performed after the extension of infection had been narrowed at the nonunion.6 cm of bone defect was treated with bone transport and then union was obtained 16 months after operation.The third case was infected nonunion in the femur with 4 cm bone defect after debridement.The femur was shortened and temporarily stabilized with the intramedullary antibiotic cement rod.The rod was removed three months after the operation,and then the femur was lengthened.The docking site and the regeneration area were healed 12 months after the lengthening operation.Conclusion The clinical results shows that reaming and antibiotic cement beads/rod appears an effective and safe alternative for management of intramedullary nail associated infection of the tibia and femur.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate behaviors of nurses on pressure ulcer prevention,exploring the related factors of pressure ulcer prevention behaviors. Methods With cross-sectional survey,a self-made questionnaire of nurse′s pressure ulcer prevention behaviors was used to investigate nurses′behaviors. Results The overall score of behavior was(43.97±8.95)points,standard score from high to low were risk assessment (6.98 ± 1.69) points, incontinence care (6.66 ± 1.51) points, Health education (9.61 ± 2.50) points, position and reposition (9.21 ± 2.19) points, supporting surface (11.51 ± 3.20) points. Different department (Z=-2.379, P<0.05), job title (χ2=11.601, P<0.01), past experiences of learning pressure ulcer knowledge(Z=2.474,P<0.05),latest learning time(Z=-2.399,P<0.05),caring number of pressure ulcer patients (χ2=17.338, P<0.01) had different scores. Multiple linear regression analysis of behavior indicated that recent education time from now was the influential factor, which can explain 15.5% of the variation in prevention behavior. Conclusions Nurses′ pressure ulcer prevention behaviors need to be improved, with nurse whose recent studying time was less than one year showing better preventive behavior. Nurse′s behaviors got worse when they didn′t get education for a long time, which indicated that the frequency of training should be enhanced.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the establishment of the coherent health service system for patients undergoing surgery in this region to optimize health care resources.Methods Using the Quantitative-qualitative research to investigate the conditions and needs of the regional network of health service between the third-grade class-A hospital and its collaborative hospitals,and it is about two-way referral,the follow ups after discharge,remote consultation,the conditions and needs of the remote training and the knowledge to the obstacles of carrying out the regional network service.Results The doctors and nurses in the research said,it was difficult to achieve the up referral in two-way referral,and there was financing obstacles for remote consultation and training,furthermore,the effects of the remote training was uncertain.Conclusions The regional network of health service between the third-grade class-A hospital and its collaborative hospitals is still weak,and we need to intensify the development of the regional network service.
ABSTRACT
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an antiangiogenic factor which is effective in tumour inhibition in a variety of tumours and has not yet been studied in bladder tumour before. In this study the expression of PEDF, interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and -8 (IL-8) in bladder tumours was investigated. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 64 bladder tumour and 23 normal uroepithelium samples. Expression change of the factors was compared with clinicopathological parameters. Correlations between PEDF, IL-1α and IL-8 were analyzed. None of the factors was in relation to gender, tumour occurrence, and size or onset pattern. PEDF (P=0.014) and IL-1α (P=0.049) expression was down-regulated with grade progression. PEDF expression was lower in normal uroepithelium than in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) (P=0.000) and carcinoma (P=0.009) whilst IL-1α (P=0.000 and P=0.000 respectively) and IL-8 (P=0.000 and P=0.023 respectively) expression was higher in the same grouping. PEDF expression had a negative correlation with IL-8 in PUNLMP (P=0.049, r=-0.578) as well as in tumour grouping (P=0.033, r=-0.276). Deranged expressional change of PEDF, IL-1α and IL-8 could be in relation to loss of differentiation from normal uroepithelium to papillary lesion and eventually to carcinoma.